Allergic and infectious eye diseases

Allergic and infectious eye diseases

Eye diseases of allergic and infectious origin are common problems that can cause discomfort and, if left untreated, lead to complications.

Allergic diseases

Allergic eye reactions are often caused by external irritants such as pollen, animal dander, cosmetics, or contact lenses. The most common forms of allergic eye disease include:

* Allergic conjunctivitis - redness, itching, lacrimation, swelling.

* Vernal keratoconjunctivitis - a chronic disease often found in children and young people.

* Atopic keratoconjunctivitis - severe chronic inflammation that can affect the cornea and cause vision impairment.

The treatment of allergic eye diseases involves the use of antihistamines and anti-inflammatory medications. It is also essential to avoid contact with allergens.

Infectious diseases

Eye infections are caused by viruses, bacteria, fungi and parasites. The main infectious diseases include:

* Bacterial conjunctivitis – causes redness, purulent discharge, burning sensation and swelling.

* Viral conjunctivitis – often accompanied by cold symptoms such as runny nose and sore throat.

* Herpetic keratitis – an infection caused by the herpes virus that affects the cornea and can lead to vision loss.

* Fungal keratitis – inflammation of the cornea caused by fungi, which is less common but can lead to serious complications.

Treatment of infections depends on their nature: antibiotics are used for bacterial infections, antiviral medications for viral infections, and antifungal agents for fungal infections.

Prevention and seeking medical assistance

Maintaining proper hygiene, avoiding contact with allergens, and using contact lenses correctly can help prevent allergic and infectious eye diseases. If symptoms occur, it is important to consult an ophthalmologist for timely diagnosis and treatment, which can help prevent complications and preserve eye health.